function 2

ASCII code conversion function: : ord() chr()

To convert a string to ASCII code, use ord(). To convert ASCII code to a string, use chr().
ASCII code value of uppercase alphabe A ~ Z is 65 ~ 90 Lowercase letters a-z are 97-122.

<?php
    echo "Alphabetical output using ASCII code chr()<br />";
    echo "Alphabet capital letter A-Z output<br />";

    for($a = 65; $a <= 90; $a++){
        echo chr($a);
        echo " ";
    }
    echo "<br />";
    echo "Lowercase alphabet a-z output <br />";

    for($a = 97; $a <= 122; $a++){
        echo chr($a)." ";
    }
?>

I'll check the results right below.

The capital letter A is ASCII code 65.
In other words, it is A by converting 65 to chr().
String output functions echo(), print()
echo(), print()
String tags, etc. display double quotes.
String = "hello"
Tag = <br /> Example of use)
echo "Hello.";
echo "<br />";
Formatted output functions printf(), sprintf() functions
It's the way it comes from the language.
printf(type specifier, variable1, variable2, ... variable n)
sprintf(type specifier, variable1, variable2, ... variable n)

% - Display where the value is to be output

b - Treat integers and represent them in binary

c - Handles integers and expresses characters corresponding to ASCII code values

d - Treats integers and represents them as signed decimal numbers

u - Treat integers and represent them as unsigned decimal numbers

f - Treated as a float and expressed as a float

o - Treated as an integer and expressed as an octal number

s - Treated as a string and expressed

x - Treated as a string and expressed in hexadecimal (lowercase)

X - Treated as a string and expressed in hexadecimal (uppercase)

The following example outputs a formatted calculation.

<?php
    echo "Formatted calculations using the print() function <br />";

    $a = 97.458;
    $b = 95.956;

    $ab = $a * $b;

    $form1 = sprintf("\ %0.2f", $a*$b); // The product of a and b is output and is expressed to two decimal places.
    $form2 = sprintf("\ %0.3f", $a/$b); // The result of dividing a and b is displayed and is expressed to the third decimal place.

    echo "When the variable is a = $a, b = $b<br />";

    printf("1.The result of the addition of% 0.3f and% 0.3f ...[%0.2f]", $a, $b, $a+$b);
    echo "<br />";
    printf("1.Subtraction of% 0.3f and% 0.3f ...[%0.2f]", $a, $b, $a-$b);
    echo "<br />";
    echo "3. The result of multiplying $a and $b ....{$form1} <br />";
    echo "4. The result of division of $a and $b ...{$form2} <br />";
?>

I'll check the results right below.

printf(% 0.2f <--- This is the place to put the value of the variable, and 0.2f is the second decimal place. F is a real number. Then, you declare the variable to be entered.

Here's the easy source:

<?php
    $a = 10;
    $b = 20;

    printf(" %u + %u = %u", $a, $b, $a+$b);
?>

I'll check the results right below.

결과
10 + 20 = 30